Gas-lamp.



Patented Nov. 4, |902.

un. 7|2,a423.

n. MARSH.

. GAS LAMP.. (Applieation med sept.- 1'9, 189s.)

2 Sheets- Sheet L Ulu Model.)

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no. 712,823, Y Patented Nov. 4, 1902;

R. MARSH.-

GAS LAMP.

(Application lecl 19, 1898,) (No mmol.) 2 sheets-Shasta.

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UNITED STATES ATENT Farce.

RIVERIUS MARSH, GF NEW BRUNSWICK, NEV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO GEORGE W'.GLAENTZER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

sPEcrFrcATIoN forming part of Letters Patent No. 712,823, dated November4,1902.

Application filed September 19, 1898. Serial No, 691,402. (No model T0all whom, t 77u07/ concern,.-

Be it known that I, RIVERIUS MARSH, of New Brunswick, in the county ofMiddlesex, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Gas-Lam ps;

and I do hereby declare that the following is a' full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawY ings,in which- Figure l is a vertical sectional view of a lamp embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the burner, the outer tubebeing broken away. Fig. 3 isa side elevation of the burner, the partsbeing shown unbroken. Fig. 4 is a sectional View taken on the line no xof Fig. yl. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the shade-holder. Fig. 6 is aperspective view of the globe-holder, and Fig. 7 is a Vertical sectional`view of a burner which is another embodiment of my invention, andFigs.A

8 and 9 are respectively a vertical sectional view and a side elevationof a third embodiment of my invention.

vLetters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of thefigures.

The object of my invention has been to provide a gas lamp which shallhave, among other advantages, those of being cheap and simple inconstruction, of being capable of being lighted, regulated, andextinguished from the outside, of having both a large and a taper light,of having a burner of which the main tubes can be constructed of sheetmetal without drawing, of confining the heat near the burner andmaintaining the globe at a comparatively low temperature, of maintaininga steady light in a wind, and/of combining in one compact structure ,apart which shall be capable of performing the functions of alarge and asmall burner, a mixer, a gascock, a by-pass, an air-regulator, and agasregulatorg' and to such ends myinvention consistsiu the gas-lamphereinafter specilied.

In carrying myinvention into practice I provide a cap A, whichconsistsof a preferably cylindrical part a, whose lower end is closed by abottom a and whose upper end unites with an annular part a2, from theouter edge of which depends. an annular flange. The said flange isadpted to lit over and preferably to be screwed to the upper end of agas-supply pipe B. The burner proper consists of an inner tube C and anouter tube D,

the former being formed with a projection c,

which isv received within and closely fits the part a of the cap A. 1The projection c preferably has a closed bottom o', and its verticalwall is split, as at c2, to make the projection elastic, so that it willbe frictionally held within the cap and While capable of movement withinthe cap will tend to remain in the position in which it is left. Theprojection c is provided with an aperture or apertures c3 and c3, andthe part a is provided with a corresponding aperture or apertures a3 and0.3, and gas can be permitted to flow into the inner tube by turning theapertures in the said parts into or ont of coincidence, respectively.Above the projection c the inner tube C is preferably enlarged andextends upward with circular cross-section. Near its lower end the innertube is provided with an imperforate diaphragm c4, above and below whichapertures c5 and c5 are formed in the said tube. The outer tube D isseated upon and fits closely around the inner tube and is preferablyprovided with a bead or outwardlyextending flanges d and d,the sides ofthe bead or the lips being drawn together by screws d' and d', so as todraw the outer tube. closely around the inner tube. At a point in theouter tube on a level with the apertures c5 and c5 is formed apreferably vertical groove or offset d2 in the inner surface of theouter tube, so that when said groove or offset is in line with the saidapertures it forms a connection between them by which the gas can passfrom the portion of the inner tube that is below the dia phragm to theportion of the tube that is above the diaphragm. lf desired, a series ofapertures 'c5 and c5 of varying sizes can be formed, so that each pairof apertures can be separately put into communication with each other.An aperture cG is also formed in the inner tube below the diaphragm, anda groove or offset d3 vis formed in the inner face of the outer tube D,such groove or offset at the level of the aperture c6 communicating witha groove formed either in the outer surface of the inner tube or in theinner face of the outer tube and extending to the top of the tubes, andthus serving to form a taper light. The va- IOO and d2 formed therein.

rious offsets and apertures are preferably so positioned that but oneoffset and its aperture or apertures can be in communication at the sametime, and they are arranged in two opposite series, so that a rotationof the outer tube in either direction will result in alternately raisingand lowering the light and in lighting the taper light. Suchcommunication can be elected either by a relative rotation of the innertubes or by a relative longitudinal sliding of one upon the other. Abovethe diaphragm apertures c7 and c7 are provided in the inner tube, andcorresponding apertures d4 and d4 are formed in the outer tube, so thatwhen such apertures are placed in coincidence air will beadmitted to theinner tube. The latter apertures and the apertures c5 and oset d2 areplaced so that the air and gas are admitted to the upper portion of theinner tube at the same time.

A preferably cylindrical part ca is secured in the upper part of theinner tube, as by a ange at its lower end, and on the upper end of suchpart is secured or formed an invertedcup-shaped part a9, whose verticalwall hangs below the upper end of the cylindrical part. An aperture orapertures cloand C10 are formed in the part cS above the lower edge ofthe cup-shaped part C9, so thatthe air and gas are compelled to travel up, then down, and finally up again before reaching the upper end of theinner tube. This circuitous passage serves to thoroughly commingle theair and gas, and thus to effect economy, to prevent ignition frompassing back below the diaphragm, which action is known as lightingback, and also shortens the length of the mixer-tube. The number of theparts cs and c9 can be varied to make the path of the air longer or moretortuous. At theupper end of the inner tube the usual wire-gauze can beplaced, if desired. The upper ends of the inner and outer tubes arepreferably normally flush with each other; but the inner tube preferablyextends below the outer tube, so as to provide a handle all, by which itmay be grasped. The lower portion of the outer tube also serves as ahandle, and the two tubes can thus be moved relative to each other.

A globe-holder E is passed over the upper end of the outer tube and isseated on projections on said tube, such as the two offsets d2 A sockete is formed on or attached to the globe-holder, in which the lower end`of the mantle-holder F can be placed. A screw e is threaded into a wallofthe socket to secure the mantle-holder in the desired position. Aglobe F is seated on a bead or on projectionsfand f, (see Fig. 6,)formed on the upper surface of the globeholder, the projections servingto hold the globe away from the body of the globe-holder, and thus toadmit air, but by a circuitous passage through which drafts cannoteasily pass. The usual screws f and j" are provided for fastening theglobe in place. The

globe is provided with a neck f2 at about the level of the burner-top,which neck serves to diffuse the light and to .provide a heat zone aboutthe burner. A preferably frusto-conical lower chimney-section G issupported within the globe by the globe-holder, and such section ispreferably supported out of direct contact with the globe-holder by theprojectionsfandf formed on the upper surface of the latter, so that aircan pass under the said lower chimney-section and reach the burner.

The upper end of the mantle-holder F is bent horizontallyandis providedwith a hook f3, by which it can support the mantle. An upperchimney-section H is provided, and such section is preferably supportedon the mantle-holder, with which it is engaged, as by a loop 72, that isformed as by striking up the metal of the chimney-section, the holderbeing threaded through the loop. A bead h is formed on thechimney-section H, and a shade-holder I rests on the said bead and issupported thereby. The said shade-holder consists, preferably, of anannular slightly frusto-conical plate having lips t', that projectinward from its inner edge and that are supported on the said bead, andalso having, preferably, spring-arms i,that project inward from the saidedge and are then curved upward, outward, and downward. Upon thespring-arms rests a shade K, the latter having a central opening whichis larger than the diameter of the chimney, so that an airpassage isformed between such parts. The opening in the shade-holder is also oflarger diameter than the chimney to provide an airpassage between thesaid parts. The shadeholder protects the shade from the direct heat ofthe burner.

In the operation of my lamp, as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5, theinnertubeisrotated within the cap A, so as to bring the apertures c3 and a3into coincidence, thus permitting gas to flow from the pipe B into thelower end of the inner tube. The inner and outer tubes are then turnedin one direction or the other to produce the size or kind of light thatis desired, the gas passing out through an aperture below the diaphragm,through an offset, and into the inner tube above the diaphragm by asecond aperture or passing up through the offset and groove to the taperlight, as the case may be. If the main light is being used,the gas abovethe diaphragm meets with air coming through the air-apertures in the twotubes and mixes therewith. The mixture thus formed passes up through thecylindrical partes, out through its apertures, down under the cup-shapedpart o9, and up to the gauze, above which it is burned and heats themantle. Air enters the lamp between the lower edge of the globe and theupper surface of the globe-holder, and part of it passes upwardlybetween the chimney and the lower chimney section and escapes betweenthe shade and the shade-holder, thus serving to protect the globe andthe shade from direct lIO heat from the burner. The remainder of the airentering under the lower edge of the globe passes under the lower edgeof the lower chimney-section and from thence eitherl enters through theair-apertures into the inner tube or is thrown by the conical wall ofthe lower chimney-section in a circular draft against the mantle, whereit serves to perfect the combustion. The air and gases passing upwardfrom the burner and from the interior of the lower section are eitherinduced, received, and expelled by the upper chimney-section or passbetween such section and the shadeholder. It will thus be seen thatthere are a series of concentric upwardly-moving currents of air andgases within my lamp, which serve to provide ample oxygen for combustionand also to protect the globe and shade from direct heat from theburner. The indirect passage of the air between the globe and lowerchimney-section'and the globe-holder serves to prevent danger fromdrafts, and consequently to prevent lighting back or the extinguishmentof the lamp.

It is obvious that various changes can b eV made in the structure Ihaveillustrated which are within the scope of my invention. Forinstance, in Fig. 7 is illustrated a burner in which the inner tube Lisformed at its lower end in the same manner as the lower end of into theupper end of the gas-pipe N. In the sides of the tube and cap are formedopenings l and m, which when placed in coincidence admit gas from thepipe N to the interior of the tube L. Above its lower end the tube L hasopenings l and l', which correspond with openings in a shutter O, whichshutter is in the form of an inner and outer piece of tubing o and o',respectively, which are connected, as by a ring 02, at the bottom,openings 03 being formed in the inner tube. When the openings 03 and I.'are made to coincide, air can pass into the inner tube. On the upper endot' the inner tube an invertedcup-shaped part P is secured, and openingsL2 are formed in the inner tube above the level of the lower edge of thecup, so that the mixture of air and gas can pass from the inner tube tothe interior of the cup and then down beneath the vlower edge of* thelatter, from whence it can pass upward to be burned. A bead Z3 is formedin the inner tube L below the level of the edge of the cup, and an outertube Q is secured to the inner tube by having a {iange q, which bearsagainst and engages the said bead. The outer tube is of larger diameterthan the cup and carries at its upper end the usual wire screen. It willbe seen that in the construction illustrated in Fig. 7the air and gascan be separately regulated. f f

In Figs. S and 9 is illustrated a burner in- .volvingthe principles ofthe burner illustrated in Fig. l, which is adapted for the alternateproduction of a fish-tail dame or a taper light. The said burnercomprises an inner tube R, which is adapted at its lower end to besecured toa gas-pipe and at its upper end to receive an ordinary lavatip S. An outer tube T fits snugly around vthe inner tube. Within thelower portion of theinner tube a diaphragm r is secured or formed, andbeneath the said diaphragm are two openings fr' and r2, respectively,which openings are formed in the walls of the tube. Above the opening 1"and abovel the diaphragm a thirdopening-r3 is formed `in the inner tube.A groove rj* is formed in the outer surface ot' the inner tube, and agroove t is formed in the inner surface of the outer tube. A secondgroove t is formed in the inner surface of the outer tube on the sideopposite to the groove t. A groove t2 is formed in the inner wall of theouter tube, which groove extends from the level of the opening r2 tothat of the opening r3. When lthe outer tube is turned so that itsgroove t is in line with the opening r', the gas can pass through thesaid groove and through the grooves r4 and t to the upper end of theinner tube, Where it can burn as a taper light. A shell t3, formed onthe upper end of the outer tube, protects such light from drafts. Whenthe outer tube is turned so that its groove ,t2 is in line with theopenings 'r2 and r3, the gas can pass by the diaphragm r and reach thetip, where it canburn in a fish-tail orfother iiame.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is-' l. In a lamp,thecombination of a cap which is adapted to be secured to a gas-pipe, saidcap having a cup-shaped part, of a burnertube which is adapted to fitand to be inserted into said cup-shaped part, said tube and cup-shapedpart having openings which can be made to register, substantially as andfor the purpose described.

2. Inalamp,the combination of acap which is adapted to be secured to agas-pipe, said cap having a cup-shaped part, ot a burnertube which isadapted to lt and to be inserted into said cup-shaped part, said tubeand cup-shaped part having openings which can be made to register, andsaid tube being split, whereby it is provided lwith elasticity in orderthat it may closely fit the interior ot' said cup-shaped part,substantially as described. 3. In a lamp, the combination of an innerand an outer tube, said inner tube having a series of openings whicharegraduated 'from smaller to larger and then to smaller again, and saidinner tube having corresponding'gaspassages, whereby relative movements,in a single direction, ot' said tubes in either direction may be made toincrease and then decrease the supply of gas, substantially asdescribed.

v 4. In a lamp, the combination of an inner tube and an outer-tube, saidinner tube having an opening in its walls and said outer tube IOO IIO

having an interior groove whereby gas may be permitted to pass throughsaid opening and through such groove to the ends of said tubes for theformation of a taper light, substantially as described.

5. In a lamp, the combination of an inner and an outer tube, said innertube having a diaphragm extending across the same at a point between itsends, having connection above said diaphragm, with a largerburneropening, and having connection below said diaphragm with a sourceof supply of gas, said inner tube having an opening in its walls, andsaid'outer tube having a groove opposite said opening, said grooveextending to the end 0f said outer tube where it forms a smallerburner-opening, and means operated by the relative rotation of saidtubes, for admitting gas to the portion of said inner tube above saiddiaphragm, whereby gas may be admitted either to said larger or to saidsmaller burneropening, substantially as described.

6. In a lamp, the combination of an inner tube havingadiaphragmextending across the same intermediate its ends, and having a zigzagpassage above said diaphragm through which gases may be made to pass toreach the upper end of the tube, and an outer tube, said inner tubehaving openings above and below said diaphragm, and said outer tubehaving corresponding grooves, whereby, by the relative rotation of saidtubes, gas may be permitted to pass said diaphragm and enter said zigzagpassage, or whereby gas may be permitted to pass through one of saidgrooves to form a taper light, substantiallyas described.

7. In a lamp, the combination of an inner tube and a sheet-metal outertube, said inner tube having a diaphragm between its ends and havingopenings in its walls, above and below said diaphragm, said outer tubehaving a corresponding bead formed in its walls in position to act as apassage between said openings, said bead protruding from the outersurface ot' the tube.

8. In a lamp, the combination of an inner tube and an outer tube, saidtubes having corresponding passages for the passage of gas, whereby saidtubes form a valve, said outer tube having vertical anges extendingsubstant-ially radially therefrom, and means for drawing said iangestogether to cause said outer tube to snugly lit said inner tube,substantially as described.

9. In a lamp, the combination of an inner tube having a diaphragmextending across the same and having a smaller tube secured withinitself, a cup-shaped part closing the upper end of said smaller tube,and having its sides extending downwardly, said smaller tube having anopening above the level of the cupshaped part, an outer tube havinggrooves within its inner surface, openings below said diaphragm in thewalls of said inner tube, said openings being at the same level asportions of said grooves, an opening in the inner nasse tube above thelevel of said diaphragm, and corresponding air-admitting openings formedboth in said inner and said outer tubes, substantially as described.

10. In a lamp, the combination of a mixer' tube, a cylindrical partwithin which the lower end of said mixer-tube is received, said part andsaid lower end having corresponding openings, whereby the passage of gasmay be regulated, and a shutter-tube fitting the upper part of saidmixer-tube, said mixer and shutter tubes having corresponding openings,whereby the passage of gas and air may be regulated, substantially asdescribed.

1l. In a lamp, the combination of a mixertube, a cylindrical part withinwhich the lower end of said mixer-tube is received, said part and saidlower end havingy corresponding openings whereby the passage of gas maybe regulated, and a shutter-tube fitting the upper part of saidmixer-tube, said mixer and shutter tubes havingcorresponding openings,whereby the passage of gas and air may be regulated, said mixer-tubehaving a gas-mixer in its upper portion, substantially as described.

12. In a lamp, the combination of a plurality of burners, an innergas-containing tube, and an outer tube, said outer tube having passages,each of which leads to one of said burners, said inner tube havingopenings that can be made to register with said passages, whereby gascan be admitted to any one of said burners, substantially as described.

13. In a lamp, the combination of a globeholder, globe-supporting seatsor projections within such globe-holder and below the upper edgethereof, a globe supported on such seats or projections, the bottom ofsuch globe being smaller in diameter than the globeholder at the levelof the former, thereby forming a passage between the globe-holder andthe globe, and a lower chimney-section supported in said globe-holderand smaller in diameter at its bottom than the globe at the level ot'the former, substantially as described.

14. In a lamp having a mantle, the combination of a tube normally abovethe mantle, and a mantle-holder which supports said tube.

15. In a lamp, the combination of aburner, a globe-holder supported bysaid burner, a globe supported by said globe-holder, a mantle-holdersupported by said globe-holder, and an upper chimney-section and shadesupported by said mantle-holder, substantially as described.

16. The combination of a shade-holder, an upper chimney-sectionsupported thereby, an annular shade-holder supported by saidchimney-section, there being a bead on the chimney-section, and fingersextending from the one edge in said shade-holder to said chimney abovesaid bead, and fingers extending IIO IZO

shade supported upon said lest-mentioned ed to support a shade,substantially as and fingers. for the purpose described.

17. A shade-holder for use in a lamp, con- In testimony whereof I affixmy signature ssting of an annular plate having arms inin presence of twoWitnesses. tegral therewith and projecting from its inner RIVERIUSMARSH. edge, some of which arms project inwardly and are adapted tosupport the shade-holder VViI/nesses:

from said shade-holder outwardly, and e l bent-upwardly and outwardlyand are adaptlo l H. M. WYRTZEN,

upon the lamp, and other of which :mns are l CHARLES BEAN.

